Endothelial Healing In Vein Grafts
Di: Ava
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery as a procedure. Prevalence of vein graft failure. Pathophysiology of vein graft failure, in particular, neointima formation and superimposed atherogenesis. Interventions for preventing vein graft failure with an emphasis on drugs. Despite the wide variety of tissue-engineered vascular grafts that are currently being developed, autologous vessels, such as the saphenous
A basal intimal thickness greater than 120 μm is a predictor of endothelial dysfunction. Also, because a greater basal intimal thickness correlated with an increased intimal thickness after organ culture, the basal intimal thickness might predict vein graft failure owing to
Experimental models have shown that inhibiting endothelial cell damage, smooth muscle migration and proliferation, and the inflammatory response contribute to the prevention of vein graft failure The present review focuses on the best-characterized endothelial cells—human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)—attempting to estimate whether the co-culture approach, using these cells, could bring us closer to development and possible clinical application of prevascularized bone grafts. A “trellis” concept was proposed by Dr Lester Sauvage to explain healing in vascular grafts with the goal to generate a living, functioning endothelial lining [13, 14].
Vascular Fibrosis and Disease
Here, we review the current clinical practice, the pathogenesis of bypass graft failure and adenovirus-mediated gene therapy strategies designed to improve late vein graft failure by modulation of Ehsan A, Mann MJ, Dell’Acqua G, Tamura K, Braun-Dullaeus R, Dzau VJ (2002) Endothelial healing in vein grafts: proliferative burst unimpaired by genetic therapy of neointimal disease.
Vein graft disease is the process by which saphenous vein grafts, utilised for revascularisation during coronary artery bypass graft surgery, undergo an inflammation-driven intimal hyperplasia and accelerated atherosclerosis process in subsequent years after implantation. The role of the arterial circulation, particularly the haemodynamic properties’ Vascular grafts, made of Dacron or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), perform satisfactorily in high-flow, large-diameter regions. 1 However, the patency of tiny-caliber grafts manufactured of these polymers is poor compared to autologous vein grafts. 2 One difference between the vein graft and the synthetic graft is the presence of an endothelial cell (EC) lining;
- Endothelialization mechanisms in vascular grafts
- Vascular Grafts: Technology Success/Technology Failure
- The role of aspirin in enhancing arterial graft patency
- Emerging Mechanisms of Vein Graft Failure: The Dynamic
Objective— Previous studies have suggested that neointimal formation, a central cause of vein graft stenosis, has several potential cell Compared with the tail vein injection of hUCMSC-Exos, the local application of a mixture of hUCMSC-Exos and GelMA was more effective in promoting endothelial repair of the vein graft and inhibiting restenosis. Therefore, the proposed biomaterial-based therapeutic approach is a promising treatment for venous graft restenosis.
Herein, a nitrate-functionalized prosthesis has been incorporated into a decellularized porcine vein graft to fabricate a bio-hybrid vascular graft with local delivery of nitric oxide (NO). Exogenous NO efficiently promotes vascular regeneration and attenuates intimal hyperplasia and vascular calcification in both rabbit and mouse Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is and continues to be the preferred revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel disease. Graft selection has been shown to influence the outcomes following CABG. During the last almost 60 years saphenous vein grafts (SVG) together with the internal Bypass surgery using saphenous vein (SV) grafts is commonly performed to revascularize the ischemic heart and lower limbs. These interventions have limited success due to adverse remodeling caused by overproliferation of smooth muscle cells in the intima layer, leading to progressive bypass stenosis. We previously showed that cyclic strain deriving from exposure
Endothelial Response to Venous Injury
One of the main reasons why vascular reconstruction with synthetic small-diameter grafts has limited success is the absence of endothelial cells. To improve the outcome of nonvenous vascular bypass surgery, cell seeding of vascular grafts and other tissue-engineering techniques were developed. In this article, an overview is given of the artificial blood vessel as an Bypass surgery with a greater saphenous vein graft or another alternative autologous venous graft is a well-established treatment of peripheral arterial disease in the lower limbs.[1] A wide spectrum of peripheral arterial disease with different underlying causalities, including chronic limb-threatening ischemia, intermittent claudication, peripheral limb Arterial walls tend to adapt to maintain a specific wall shear stress. The formation of neointimal hyperplasia and endothelial cell healing of polytetrafluoroethylene
Endoscopic Versus „No-Touch“ Saphenous Vein Harvesting for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Trade-Off Between Wound Healing and Graft Patency Methods: Sixteen sheep underwent CABG. Thirteen received a bioabsorbable polymer graft with an incorporated nitinol microskeleton (Xeltis coronary artery bypass graft [XABG]), and three received autologous saphenous vein grafts (SVG). Pathological evaluation was conducted at 12 months. These data establish that EndMT is an important mechanism underlying neointimal formation in interpositional vein grafts, and identifies the TGF- Smad2/3 Slug signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target to prevent clinical vein graft stenosis. b– –
However, although somewhat less precise, wall thickness, matrix composition, and endothelial changes can be measured in vivo within the healing vein graft. Recent translational work has demonstrated the clinical relevance of remodeling as it relates to vein graft patency and the systemic factors inuencing it.
We grafted a branch of the jugular vein from the endothelial lineage-tracing mouse models into the femoral artery of genetically matched wild type recipients through end-to-end anastomosis (20). Graft placement with chronic exposure to arterial pressure induced a remodeling program, leading to neointimal formation.
Wound-Healing in the Saphe-nous Vein Coronary Bypass Graft in the Canine Model: Endothelial Cell Loss, Platelet Thrombus Formation, its Inhi-bition with Aspirin-Persantine Therapy and Cholesterol Influx in the Acute and Chronic Phase Mrinal K. Dewanjee* The establishment of an endothelial lining on vascular grafts to obtain a highly thromboresistant surface in a clinical situation requires optimization of cell collection, quality, adhesion and growth. We have studied the conditions for collection, seeding and growth of human saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVEC), on Dacron or Gore-Tex expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Examination of vein grafts transferred to mice transgenic for green fluorescent protein under Tie2 promoter in endothelial cells showed regeneration of graft endothelium from the adjacent aorta. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, primarily due to arterial occlusive disease. Vascular bypass remains the cornerstone of treatment; however, many patients lack suitable autologous vessels (e.g., saphenous vein) for grafting. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) provide a viable
The role of aspirin in enhancing arterial graft patency
Background/Aim: Endoscopic saphenous vein graft harvesting (EVH) has been increasingly used in coronary bypass graft (CABG) surgery in recent years due to its cosmetic advantage and reduced morbidity. However, for the successful application of this technique, a learning process is required. Vascular grafts are generally of three types: allogeneic, autologous, and synthetic. Allogeneic vascular grafts often lead to immune rejection, while autologous vascular grafts, such as the internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein, Meiring M et al. seeded human umbilical vein endothelial cells into decellularized baboon arteries and evaluated this re-endothelialized vascular graft in vitro in a flow chamber using baboon blood, which showed reduced thrombi and platelet adhesion compared to
Although saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) are the most commonly used conduit in coronary artery bypass graft surgery, vein graft failure (VGF) occurs in almost half of all patients with SVGs by 10
Graft Failure Surgery using autologous vein or prosthetic grafts to bypass occluded vessels is a common management strategy for many patients. These procedures include coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) [16], femoral-popliteal bypass surgery (fem-pop) [17], and arteriovenous fistula [18].
Bypass surgery with a greater saphenous vein graft or another alternative autologous venous graft is a well-established treatment of peripheral arterial disease in the lower limbs.[1] A wide spectrum of peripheral arterial disease with different underlying causalities, including chronic limb-threatening ischemia, intermittent claudication, peripheral limb
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